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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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illusion
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rock_fie.cxt
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00337_Field_337.txt
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1996-12-31
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An alternative explanation of
the M├╝ller-Lyer figure is based
on the incorrect-comparison
theory. It holds that we cannot
succeed fully in isolating parts
from wholes. Despite a clear
understanding of what parts of
the line are to be compared, we
cannot avoid including other
components in our judgments.
In the M├╝ller-Lyer figure, we
intend to compare only the
shafts, but we include the
arrowheads. The shaft plus the
reversed arrowheads is, of
course, longer.
The incorrect-comparison
theory can be restated as an
assimilation process: The shaft
within the reversed
arrowheads assimilates to the
arrowheads and thus its length
is perceived as more like the
overall length of the pattern. It
is not obvious, however, what
accounts for the presumed
shrinking effect on the shaft
with the normal arrowheads.
Experiments have tested each
type of figure separately, using
an isolated line as a
comparison figure. The shaft
with the normal arrowheads
appears only slightly shorter
than an isolated line of equal
length. The greater part of the
illusion comes from the shaft
with the reversed arrowheads.
Therefore, an assimilation
process is a plausible
explanation of much of the
M├╝ller-Lyer effect.